P-086 Prevalence and clinical factors associated with biochemical hypogonadism in infertile men with non-obstructive azoospermia: a single-center cohort study including 761 patients

Abstract Study question What is the prevalence, and which factors are associated with hypogonadism in infertile men non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA)? Summary answer The prevalence of biochemical among NOA males significant. condition testicular volume, estradiol levels, paternal age, histopathology results. known already a severe irreversible that accounts for approximately 60% cases, primarily intrinsic deficiencies various causes. can present signs hypogonadism, or not elevated circulating FSH levels; however, exact ill-reported. There also lack data on clinical hypogonadism. We, therefore, estimated using real-world investigated its relationship factors. design, size, duration An observational cohort study was conducted, including 767 consecutive patients primary spermatogenic failure seeking fertility treatment at University-affiliated tertiary center male reproductive health between January 2014 September 2021. Biochemical defined as total testosterone (T) levels <350 ng/dL, measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay from venous sample, collected morning, 8:00 to 10:00 am, confirmed second analysis least one week apart. Participants/materials, setting, methods All included (age range: 23-55 years) had complete clinical, hormonal, genetic, seminal, were naïve concerning previous sperm retrieval attempts. Patients due hypogonadotropic those hormonal therapy excluded. Prevalence rates computed Goodman’s method. assessed logistic regression analysis. We frequency high within-range cohort. Main results role chance represented 80.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 77.3–43.7) studied population. median (interquartile range [IQR]) T hypogonadal 276 ng/dL (233.0-303 ng/dL) 12.3 IU/L (8.9-18.2). Among them, hypergonadotropic (FSH>12 IU/L) normogonadotropic (within-range 1.5-12.0 52.1% CI 48.1-56.0) 47.8% (43.9-51.8) individuals, respectively. Logistic analyses revealed volume (p < 0.0001) = 0.0005) significant inverse whereas age 0.02) showed positive relationship. Moreover, relevant predictor 0.003), an germ cell maturation arrest hypospermatogenesis Sertoli cell-only. Using these variables, model constructed predict area under ROC curve 0.72. Limitations, reasons caution Limitations include possible unmeasured confounding intra- inter-assay electrochemiluminescence method variability. Another limitation referral facility azoospermic patients; thus, reported herein might represent general population attending centers. Wider implications findings Efforts needed provide adequate care this association poor quality life. recent evidence has suggested boost production increase success rates, studies investigating such may be warranted. Trial registration number Not applicable